Natural science test concepts

Task 1

Question 1 What is natural science?

wildlife science
section of philosophy
the science of nature as a single whole
set of isolated natural sciences
science of man

Question 2 What scale of phenomena and processes characterizes the microscopic level of organization of matter?

10-15 - 10-16 cm
10-12 - 10-13 cm
10-8 - 10-7 cm
10-1 -108 cm
1011 - 1028 cm

Question 3 What point of view on the ratio of natural science and humanitarian cultures is currently generally accepted?

denial of any community between natural science and humanitarian cultures
recognition of natural science with its precise research methods as a model for all science as a whole
denial of general trends in the development of natural science and humanitarian cultures
denial of any difference between the natural sciences and the humanities
simultaneous recognition of both the existence of differences between these cultures and the general trends in their development

Question 4 What is an analogy?

method for studying objects on their models
the process of abstraction, mental consciousness of concepts about idealized objects
the ability to comprehend the truth by direct perception of it, without justification
a method of cognition, in which, based on the similarity of objects, according to one characteristics, one concludes about their similarity and other characteristics
a way of substantiating the truth of a judgment or theory with the help of logical reasoning and practical means.

Question 5 Which of these methods corresponds to the empirical level of scientific research?

inference
modeling
dimension
idealization
intuition

Task 2

Question 1 What was the name of the concept of the world put forward by the Pythagorean philosophers?

geocentric
heliocentric
pyrocentric
eccentric
egocentric

Question 2 What is the name of the science of nature, which received its logical conclusion in the teachings of Aristotle?

astronomy
physics
logic
natural philosophy
Этика

Question 3 Which scientist is an outstanding mathematician of the Alexandrian period?

Thales
Euclid
Pythagoras
Anaximander
Heraclitus

Question 4 Who was the largest astronomer in the countries of the East in the XIV century ..?

Avicenna
Copernicus
Biruni
Ptolemy
Ulugbek

Question 5 What was the name of the religious-idealistic philosophy that spread in medieval Europe?

scholasticism
mechanism
Christianity
agnosticism
positivism

Task 3

Question 1 What principle was formulated by Galileo in the course of proving the validity of Copernicus' heliocentric system?

complementarity principle
conformity principle
principle of inertia
consistency principle
uncertainty principle

Question 2 Which of the scientific achievements belongs to Kepler?

discovery of the law of universal gravitation
formulation of the classical principle of relativity
the discovery of the law of free fall of bodies
discovery of the laws of planetary motion
discovery of the law of conservation of mass of matter

Question 3 What scientific achievement is associated with the beginning of the formation of physics as an independent science?

development by Lomonosov of atomic-molecular doctrine
development of an experimental method by Galileo
creation of Archimedes' doctrine of body balance
Torricelli's creation of the atmospheric pressure doctrine
the discovery of galvanic electricity

Question 4 Which scientist developed the principle of differential calculus?

Euclid
Archimedes
Gauss
Descartes
Newton

Question 5 In what century did the formation of chemistry as an independent science take place?

III century. BC.
IV century
XV century
XVIII century.
XIX century.

Task 4