Practical concepts of modern natural science

collection of practical assignments
Please write neatly and legibly!

Collection of practical tasks
in the discipline "Concepts of modern natural science"
Problem 1. Here is a diagram of the relationships between the main natural sciences:

Indicate the interdisciplinary sciences indicated on the diagram by the letters A, B, C, D:
1) geochemistry
2) biochemistry
3) biophysics
4) geophysics
Problem 2. Based on the principle of causality, recognized by the methodology of natural science, make a chain of cause and effect from the following phenomena:
1) flash of lightning and thunder
2) accumulation of electric charge on clouds
3) the occurrence of an electric discharge in the atmosphere
Problem 3. Arrange in a sequence that reflects the order of their implementation the following stages of the experimental method of Galileo:
1) experimental verification of the consequences of the hypothesis
2) establishment of hypotheses based on observational and experimental data
3) conclusion of consequences from hypotheses
Problem 4. The completion of the experimental proof of the existence of electromagnetic waves was the demonstration by Popov in 1896 of the transmission of the first radiogram at a distance of 250 m, which consisted in two words "Heinrich Hertz", sent with the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves Vc = 3108 m / s. "
After what time t did the sent signal reach the receiver?
Problem 5. Indicate the basic formulas of relativistic mechanics.
1.m = m0 / (1 - v2 / c2) 1/2
2.l = l0 (1 -v2 / c2) 1/2
3.S = gt2 / 2
4.S = v0 t
5. t =  t0 / (1 - v2 / c2) 1/2
6.F =  m1 m2 / R2
Problem 6. The elementary particles that transmit the interaction are: gravitons, photons, weak bosons, gluons. Match these concepts with the types of fundamental interactions in nature that are transmitted by these particles.
a) electromagnetic interaction
b) strong nuclear force
c) weak interaction
d) gravitational interaction 1.gravitons
2.photons
3.weak bosons
4.gluons



Task 7. Make the correct conclusion from the above text.
According to the theory of chemical structure, carbon atoms can combine in a variety of ways with each other and with the atoms of other elements, forming a huge variety of organic compounds, for example:

Thus, within the framework of the theory of chemical structure, the variety of organic compounds is explained ...
1) a variety of elements that form organic compounds
2) isotopic composition of carbon
3) carbon allotropy
4) the phenomenon of isomerism
Problem 8. Arrange in the order reflecting the degree of their complexity, the following levels of organization of wildlife:
1) cellular level
2) molecular level
3) population-species level
4) organismic level
Problem 9. As a result of a dihybrid crossing of two pure pea varieties with yellow smooth seeds and green wrinkled seeds, four groups of seeds of second generation hybrids differing in appearance were obtained - yellow smooth, yellow wrinkled, green smooth, green wrinkled. Considering that the yellow color and smooth shape of the seeds is dominant and using the law of independent combination of Mendel's traits, calculate how many yellow smooth seeds were obtained if it is known that in the remaining groups the number of seeds was distributed as follows: yellow wrinkled - 900, green smooth - 900, green wrinkled - 300.
Problem 10. Put the following biogeochemical functions of living matter in accordance with their definitions, formulated in the teachings of Vernadsky about the biosphere.
1. Gas function a) the implementation of redox reactions that underlie any type of biological metabolism
2. Energy function b) absorption and release of oxygen, carbon dioxide and some other gaseous compounds by living matter
3. Redox function c) assimilation of solar energy by living matter and its transfer along the trophic (food) chain